{"id":2484,"date":"2019-12-31T23:04:36","date_gmt":"2019-12-31T22:04:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nyje.al\/?p=2484"},"modified":"2024-09-04T13:48:49","modified_gmt":"2024-09-04T11:48:49","slug":"pervoja-e-jetuar-e-zezakut-frantz-fanon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/pervoja-e-jetuar-e-zezakut-frantz-fanon\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u00ebrvoja e Jetuar e Zezakut – Frantz Fanon"},"content":{"rendered":"
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P\u00ebrkthyer nga Pavjo Gjini | 31.12.2019 | nyje.al\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vit t\u00eb ri, nyje sjell nj\u00eb tekst klasik t\u00eb letrave mbi \u00e7lirimin dhe emancipimin, P\u00ebrvoja e Jetuar e Zezakut<\/em>, pjes\u00eb e vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb Frantz Fanon L\u00ebkur\u00eb e Zez\u00eb, Maska t\u00eb Bardha.<\/em><\/span><\/p>

Hyrje Biografike<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

\u201cNuk na duhet me u lidh n\u00ebp\u00ebr t\u00eb shkuar\u00ebn ton\u00eb, por me qen\u00eb d\u00ebshmitar\u00eb t\u00eb saj\u201d – Fanon<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Frantz Fanon \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebr emrat m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjeve komb\u00ebtare anti-koloniale t\u00eb pas Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore. Ka lindur n\u00eb 1925 n\u00eb Martinik\u00eb, koloni franceze prej shek. XVII. N\u00eb vitin 1943, 17 vje\u00e7ar, i bashkohet ushtris\u00eb franceze p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar nazist\u00ebt n\u00eb Europ\u00eb. Aty vet\u00ebdij\u00ebsohet p\u00ebr racizmin e strukturuar duke pranuar se \u00ebsht\u00eb gabim me luftu brenda radh\u00ebve t\u00eb nj\u00eb ushtrie kaq raciste.<\/span><\/p>

Pas luft\u00ebs ndoqi studimet me poetin dhe intelektualin martinikan Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire, me t\u00eb cilin afrohet shum\u00eb personalisht dhe politikisht, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb edhe pjes\u00eb e Negritude 1<\/sup><\/em>. Ndryshe nga shok\u00ebt e tij, vendos t\u00eb mos i bashkohet Partis\u00eb Komuniste n\u00eb Franc\u00eb, por t\u00eb diplomohet n\u00eb psikiatri n\u00eb fundin e viteve 40. Apasionohet pas fenomenologjis\u00eb fal\u00eb filozofit Merleau-Ponty, i cili e kishte kthyer fenomenologjin\u00eb n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebmendjes filozofike t\u00eb koh\u00ebs. P\u00ebr Faonin r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e fenomenologjis\u00eb q\u00ebndronte n\u00eb analizimin e kolonializmit dhe racizmit me trupin si pik\u00ebnisje p\u00ebr orientimin e subjektit n\u00eb bot\u00eb, p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi pa t\u00eb cil\u00ebn, sipas Merleau-Ponty-s, p\u00ebrfundojm\u00eb duke e trajtuar shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb si nj\u00eb pesh\u00eb t\u00eb ngurt\u00eb e t\u00eb pandryshueshme.<\/span><\/p>

Tekstin e par\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm L\u00ebkur\u00eb e Zez\u00eb, Maska t\u00eb Bardha<\/em> e dor\u00ebzoi p\u00ebr punim diplome, por pasi nuk iu pranua si tep\u00ebr subjektiv p\u00ebr traktat shkencor, n\u00eb\u00a0 vitin 1951 vendosi t\u2019i botoj\u00eb kapitullin P\u00ebrvoja e Jetuar e Zezakut <\/em>(eseja q\u00eb po publikojm\u00eb m\u00ebposht\u00eb p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb shqip). N\u00eb 1953, gjen mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb punoj\u00eb si psikiat\u00ebr n\u00eb Blida t\u00eb Algjeris\u00eb, ku kishte qen\u00eb edhe gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs. Aty zhvillon metoda kolektive t\u00eb menaxhimit dhe trajtimit t\u00eb problemeve t\u00eb organizimit t\u00eb spitalit, ku i p\u00ebrfshinte edhe pacient\u00ebt t\u00eb jepnin mendimin dhe ndihm\u00ebn e tyre.<\/span><\/p>

Nuk ishte i familjarizuar me politik\u00ebn vendore algjeriane, ku kishte sh\u00ebrbyer edhe si ushtar, por ishte shum\u00eb i familjarizuar me diskriminimin e thell\u00eb ndaj vendasve. Kolonializmi francez e kishte treguar fytyr\u00ebn e tij m\u00eb brutale me masakr\u00ebn e S\u00e9tif<\/a>it n\u00eb maj t\u00eb vitit 1945, ku 30.000 algjerian\u00eb u masakruan nga trupat e lira franceze n\u00eb nj\u00eb thertore 5-ditore, vet\u00ebm sepse marshuan p\u00ebr fundin e LIIB dhe me k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsi tash q\u00eb bota ishte \u00e7liruar nga nazismi. Algjeria ishte koloni franceze prej vitit 1830, fakt aq i gjith\u00ebpranuar nga politika dhe populli francez sa edhe Partia Komuniste Franceze i kritikoi si provokatore protestat e S\u00e9tif<\/a>it, nuk e d\u00ebnoi masakr\u00ebn dhe e mb\u00ebshteti gjendjen e jashtzakonshme t\u00eb shpallur n\u00eb Algjeri nga qeveria e drejtuar nga socialist\u00ebt. Terrori francez i viteve 1954-62 \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebr krimet m\u00eb t\u00eb egra kund\u00ebr njer\u00ebzimit n\u00eb shek. 20.<\/span><\/p>

N\u00eb vitin 1954, Fronti Nacional-\u00c7lirimtar i Algjeris\u00eb<\/em> filloi kryengritjen e armatosur p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsi. Kryengritja filloi pas m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb dekad\u00eb fars\u00eb dhe d\u00ebshtim t\u00eb Asambles\u00eb Komb\u00ebtare Algjeriane<\/em> ku vota e nj\u00eb t\u00eb bardhi ishte e barabart\u00eb me 9 vota musliman\u00ebsh. Fanoni iu p\u00ebrgjigj thirrjes p\u00ebr t\u2019u b\u00ebr\u00eb psikiat\u00ebr p\u00ebr ushtar\u00ebt e Frontit, p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht duke i trajtuar p\u00ebr probleme t\u00eb stresit post-traumatik. P\u00ebrpos ndihm\u00ebs dhe fshehjes s\u00eb ushtar\u00ebve algjerian\u00eb, trajtonte edhe paramilitar\u00eb francez\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt vuanin pasojat psikologjike t\u00eb toturave q\u00eb kishin p\u00ebr detyr\u00eb t\u2019i ushtronin ndaj vendasve. M\u00eb von\u00eb, i arratisur n\u00eb Tunizi nga survejimi i trupave franceze, e b\u00ebjn\u00eb z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs t\u00eb Frontit, pa e b\u00ebr\u00eb kurr\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb organeve t\u00eb tij vendimmarr\u00ebse.<\/span><\/p>

Fronti e kishte t\u00eb mjegullt ideologjin\u00eb, struktur\u00ebn dhe q\u00ebllimet p\u00ebrfundimtare. Vizioni ishte p\u00ebr nj\u00eb republik\u00eb demokratike, sociale dhe laike. Fanoni ishte shum\u00eb i af\u00ebrt me Ramdane Abane, socialist, sekular dhe nd\u00ebr organizator\u00ebt q\u00ebndror\u00eb t\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb armatosur. Vazhdimisht e shqet\u00ebsonte m\u00ebnjanimi i k\u00ebtij t\u00eb fundit nga udh\u00ebheqja dhe kontrolli i Frontit nga forcat konservatore identitare arabe e muslimane. M\u00eb von\u00eb, Abane zhduket dhe Fanoni e merr vesh p\u00ebr vrasjen e brendshme, megjithat\u00eb vendosi t\u00eb mos e fliste kurr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos rrezikuar unitetin e luft\u00ebs. N\u00eb vitin 1960, pas \u00e7lirimit dhe pasi 17 shtete afrikane shpallen t\u00eb pavarura, qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme i dha postin e ambasadorit n\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn Sub-Sahariane. 27,000 trupa franceze dhe mbi 1 milion algjerian\u00eb vdiq\u00ebn n\u00eb luft\u00eb 8 vje\u00e7are Franko-Algjeriane (m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa francez\u00ebt e r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn II Bot\u00ebrore).<\/span><\/p>

Lufta p\u00ebr \u00e7lirim komb\u00ebtar ishte p\u00ebr Fanonin nj\u00eb busull orientimi n\u00eb bot\u00eb dhe gur themeli p\u00ebr solidaritet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. Revolucioni Algjerian ishte avangarda e revolucioneve afrikane. Sipas tij, Algjeria ishte nyja m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e imperializmit francez, prandaj e para q\u00eb duhej k\u00ebputur. P\u00ebr zgjerimin e revolucionit n\u00eb mbar\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn duhej formuar nj\u00eb Legjion Afrikan p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur luftrat p\u00ebr liri n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kontinentin. PanAfrikanizmi i Fanonit nuk doli t\u00eb jet\u00eb fati i kontinentit, i cili mbeti peng i neokolonializmit, kapitalizmit q\u00eb i rrjepte l\u00ebnd\u00ebt e para, luftrave t\u00eb brendshme \u2018tribale\u2019 e sektare dhe k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb d\u00ebshp\u00ebruara p\u00ebr ndihma europiane.<\/span><\/p>

P\u00ebr Fanonin, p\u00ebrmes Hegelit dhe p\u00ebrtej Sartrit, beteja p\u00ebr t\u2019u njohur si i barabart\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb nuk mundet me u duru pa e pohu veten si absolut<\/em>. Prandaj angazhimin p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Algjeris\u00eb dhe Afrik\u00ebs e b\u00ebnte me besimin se n\u00eb k\u00ebto luhet fati i nj\u00eb Humanizmi t\u00eb Ri<\/em>. P\u00ebrndryshe \u00e7lirimi komb\u00ebtar me synim rikthimin n\u00eb nj\u00eb kultur\u00eb zezake \u201cautentike\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb rrug\u00eb pa krye. Lufta komb\u00ebtare nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb konservatore e vlerave autentike etnike e tribale, por mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr revolucionarizimin e njer\u00ebzimit, qoft\u00eb ky n\u00ebp\u00ebr cepat e bot\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>

Pasi u diagnostikua me leu\u00e7emi n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 1960 dhe pa gjasa mbijetese, vendosi me i shpenzu muajt e fundit p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimtare filozofike quajtur T\u00eb Mallkuarit e Bot\u00ebs 2<\/sup><\/em>. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb, Houari Boum\u00e9dienne, si shef shtabi i ushtris\u00eb s\u00eb Frontit, e ftoi t\u00eb mbante nj\u00eb seri leksionesh p\u00ebr trupat e tij. Sh\u00ebnimet e para t\u00eb T\u00eb Mallkuarit e Bot\u00ebs<\/em> duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb mbajtur si ligj\u00ebrata para ushtar\u00ebve. Fanoni vdes vet\u00ebm tre dit\u00eb pas publikimit t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj vepre, m\u00eb 6 dhjetor t\u00eb vitit\u00a0 1961.<\/span><\/p>

T\u00eb Mallkuarit e Bot\u00ebs<\/em> tenton t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatis\u00eb p\u00ebrpara luft\u00ebs nj\u00eb popull q\u00eb d\u00ebshiron dhe e ka t\u00eb domosdosh\u00ebm \u00e7lirimin, dhe ta paralajm\u00ebroj\u00eb p\u00ebr pas \u00e7lirimit dhe p\u00ebrball\u00eb Republik\u00ebs. P\u00ebr t\u00eb lexuar T\u00eb Mallkuarit e Bot\u00ebs<\/em> \u2013 tekst i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr l\u00ebvizjet ilegale n\u00eb Kosov\u00ebn e viteve \u201980-\u201990 \u2013 duhet t\u00eb kalojm\u00eb p\u00ebrmes L\u00ebkur\u00eb e Zez\u00eb dhe Maska t\u00eb Bardha<\/em>. K\u00ebtu Fanoni i b\u00ebn autopsin\u00eb subjektit t\u00eb kolonizuar p\u00ebr ta shqitur nga kompleksi strukturor i inferioritetit. P\u00ebrvoja e Jetuar e Zezakut <\/em>\u00ebsht\u00eb leximi i trupit t\u00eb kolonizuar, leximi i tekstit kolonial t\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb t\u00eb. Trupi yn\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb teksti i armikut. Vet\u00ebm dikush q\u00eb e di se \u00ebsht\u00eb totalisht i kapur nga armiku, vet\u00ebm dikush q\u00eb e di se armiku nuk di \u00e7\u2019t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr pos t\u00eb shtyp\u00eb, vet\u00ebm ai ose ajo mundet me rezistu e me k\u00ebrku gjith\u00e7ka prej rezistenc\u00ebs dhe bot\u00ebs sepse armiku nuk i mjafton.3<\/sup><\/span><\/p>

Esen\u00eb \u201cP\u00ebrvoja e jetuar e Zezakut\u201d po e ndajm\u00eb n\u00eb tre pjes\u00eb p\u00ebr hir t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb s\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs s\u00eb gazet\u00ebs son\u00eb. Fanoni e ka shkruar at\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb dhe pa ndarje.<\/span>
Pjesa e par\u00eb: kliko k\u00ebtu\u00a0<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/span>
Pjesa e dyt\u00eb: kliko k\u00ebtu<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/span>
Pjesa e tret\u00eb: kliko k\u00ebtu<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/span>
P\u00ebr redaktimin e k\u00ebsaj eseje ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb kontribut t\u00eb \u00e7muar gazetarja Elsa Demo<\/a><\/span>.<\/em><\/span>
_________________<\/span>
1. N\u00e9gritude \u00ebsht\u00eb rrym\u00eb dhe l\u00ebvizje letrare e kritike e zhvilluar nga diaspora afrikane p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb viteve \u201930 t\u00eb shek. XX me synim ngritjen e \u201cnd\u00ebrgjegjes zezake\u201d n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha Afrik\u00ebn dhe diaspor\u00ebn e saj. Dy nd\u00ebr themeluesit e k\u00ebsaj rrym\u00eb dhe q\u00eb e ngrit\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb term n\u00eb koncept jan\u00eb dy figurat e m\u00ebdha t\u00eb letrave afrikane t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendura dhe referuara vazhdimisht n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb ese, Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire, L\u00e9opold S\u00e9dar Senghor, ky i fundit ka qen\u00eb Presidenti i par\u00eb i Senegalit pas pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb.<\/span>
2. T\u00eb Mallkuarit e Bot\u00ebs<\/em> \u00ebsht\u00eb botuar n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb nga Rilindja n\u00eb vitet \u201980 i p\u00ebrkthyer nga Muhamedin Kullashi.<\/span>
3. Referenca dhe linja biografike e p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb Hyrje \u00ebsht\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb punimin e Peter Hudis, Frantz Fanon: Philosopher of the Barrikades<\/em>, botim i vitit 2015 nga Pluto Press.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u00ebrkthyer nga Pavjo Gjini | 31.12.2019 | nyje.al\u00a0 N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vit t\u00eb ri, nyje sjell nj\u00eb tekst klasik t\u00eb letrave mbi \u00e7lirimin dhe emancipimin, P\u00ebrvoja e Jetuar e Zezakut, pjes\u00eb e vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb Frantz Fanon L\u00ebkur\u00eb e Zez\u00eb, Maska t\u00eb Bardha. Hyrje Biografike \u201cNuk na duhet me u lidh n\u00ebp\u00ebr t\u00eb shkuar\u00ebn ton\u00eb, por me qen\u00eb d\u00ebshmitar\u00eb t\u00eb saj\u201d – Fanon Frantz Fanon \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebr emrat m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjeve komb\u00ebtare anti-koloniale t\u00eb pas Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore. Ka lindur n\u00eb 1925 n\u00eb Martinik\u00eb, koloni franceze prej shek. XVII. N\u00eb vitin 1943, 17 vje\u00e7ar, i bashkohet ushtris\u00eb franceze p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar nazist\u00ebt n\u00eb Europ\u00eb. Aty vet\u00ebdij\u00ebsohet p\u00ebr racizmin e strukturuar duke pranuar se \u00ebsht\u00eb gabim me luftu brenda radh\u00ebve t\u00eb nj\u00eb ushtrie kaq raciste. Pas luft\u00ebs ndoqi studimet me poetin dhe intelektualin martinikan Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire, me t\u00eb cilin afrohet shum\u00eb personalisht dhe politikisht, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb edhe pjes\u00eb e Negritude 1. Ndryshe nga shok\u00ebt e tij, vendos t\u00eb mos i bashkohet Partis\u00eb Komuniste n\u00eb Franc\u00eb, por t\u00eb diplomohet n\u00eb psikiatri n\u00eb fundin e viteve 40. Apasionohet pas fenomenologjis\u00eb fal\u00eb filozofit Merleau-Ponty, i cili e kishte kthyer fenomenologjin\u00eb n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebmendjes filozofike t\u00eb koh\u00ebs. P\u00ebr Faonin r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e fenomenologjis\u00eb q\u00ebndronte n\u00eb analizimin e kolonializmit dhe racizmit me trupin si pik\u00ebnisje p\u00ebr orientimin e subjektit n\u00eb bot\u00eb, p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi pa t\u00eb cil\u00ebn, sipas Merleau-Ponty-s, p\u00ebrfundojm\u00eb duke e trajtuar shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb si nj\u00eb pesh\u00eb t\u00eb ngurt\u00eb e t\u00eb pandryshueshme. Tekstin e par\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm L\u00ebkur\u00eb e Zez\u00eb, Maska t\u00eb Bardha e dor\u00ebzoi p\u00ebr punim diplome, por pasi nuk iu pranua si tep\u00ebr subjektiv p\u00ebr traktat shkencor, n\u00eb\u00a0 vitin 1951 vendosi t\u2019i botoj\u00eb kapitullin P\u00ebrvoja e Jetuar e Zezakut (eseja q\u00eb po publikojm\u00eb m\u00ebposht\u00eb p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb shqip). N\u00eb 1953, gjen mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb punoj\u00eb si psikiat\u00ebr n\u00eb Blida t\u00eb Algjeris\u00eb, ku kishte qen\u00eb edhe gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs. Aty zhvillon metoda kolektive t\u00eb menaxhimit dhe trajtimit t\u00eb problemeve t\u00eb organizimit t\u00eb spitalit, ku i p\u00ebrfshinte edhe pacient\u00ebt t\u00eb jepnin mendimin dhe ndihm\u00ebn e tyre. Nuk ishte i familjarizuar me politik\u00ebn vendore algjeriane, ku kishte sh\u00ebrbyer edhe si ushtar, por ishte shum\u00eb i familjarizuar me diskriminimin e thell\u00eb ndaj vendasve. Kolonializmi francez e kishte treguar fytyr\u00ebn e tij m\u00eb brutale me masakr\u00ebn e S\u00e9tifit n\u00eb maj t\u00eb vitit 1945, ku 30.000 algjerian\u00eb u masakruan nga trupat e lira franceze n\u00eb nj\u00eb thertore 5-ditore, vet\u00ebm sepse marshuan p\u00ebr fundin e LIIB dhe me k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsi tash q\u00eb bota ishte \u00e7liruar nga nazismi. Algjeria ishte koloni franceze prej vitit 1830, fakt aq i gjith\u00ebpranuar nga politika dhe populli francez sa edhe Partia Komuniste Franceze i kritikoi si provokatore protestat e S\u00e9tifit, nuk e d\u00ebnoi masakr\u00ebn dhe e mb\u00ebshteti gjendjen e jashtzakonshme t\u00eb shpallur n\u00eb Algjeri nga qeveria e drejtuar nga socialist\u00ebt. Terrori francez i viteve 1954-62 \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebr krimet m\u00eb t\u00eb egra kund\u00ebr njer\u00ebzimit n\u00eb shek. 20. N\u00eb vitin 1954, Fronti Nacional-\u00c7lirimtar i Algjeris\u00eb filloi kryengritjen e armatosur p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsi. Kryengritja filloi pas m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb dekad\u00eb fars\u00eb dhe d\u00ebshtim t\u00eb Asambles\u00eb Komb\u00ebtare Algjeriane ku vota e nj\u00eb t\u00eb bardhi ishte e barabart\u00eb me 9 vota musliman\u00ebsh. Fanoni iu p\u00ebrgjigj thirrjes p\u00ebr t\u2019u b\u00ebr\u00eb psikiat\u00ebr p\u00ebr ushtar\u00ebt e Frontit, p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht duke i trajtuar p\u00ebr probleme t\u00eb stresit post-traumatik. P\u00ebrpos ndihm\u00ebs dhe fshehjes s\u00eb ushtar\u00ebve algjerian\u00eb, trajtonte edhe paramilitar\u00eb francez\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt vuanin pasojat psikologjike t\u00eb toturave q\u00eb kishin p\u00ebr detyr\u00eb t\u2019i ushtronin ndaj vendasve. M\u00eb von\u00eb, i arratisur n\u00eb Tunizi nga survejimi i trupave franceze, e b\u00ebjn\u00eb z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs t\u00eb Frontit, pa e b\u00ebr\u00eb kurr\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb organeve t\u00eb tij vendimmarr\u00ebse. Fronti e kishte t\u00eb mjegullt ideologjin\u00eb, struktur\u00ebn dhe q\u00ebllimet p\u00ebrfundimtare. Vizioni ishte p\u00ebr nj\u00eb republik\u00eb demokratike, sociale dhe laike. Fanoni ishte shum\u00eb i af\u00ebrt me Ramdane Abane, socialist, sekular dhe nd\u00ebr organizator\u00ebt q\u00ebndror\u00eb t\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb armatosur. Vazhdimisht e shqet\u00ebsonte m\u00ebnjanimi i k\u00ebtij t\u00eb fundit nga udh\u00ebheqja dhe kontrolli i Frontit nga forcat konservatore identitare arabe e muslimane. M\u00eb von\u00eb, Abane zhduket dhe Fanoni e merr vesh p\u00ebr vrasjen e brendshme, megjithat\u00eb vendosi t\u00eb mos e fliste kurr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos rrezikuar unitetin e luft\u00ebs. N\u00eb vitin 1960, pas \u00e7lirimit dhe pasi 17 shtete afrikane shpallen t\u00eb pavarura, qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme i dha postin e ambasadorit n\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn Sub-Sahariane. 27,000 trupa franceze dhe mbi 1 milion algjerian\u00eb vdiq\u00ebn n\u00eb luft\u00eb 8 vje\u00e7are Franko-Algjeriane (m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa francez\u00ebt e r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn II Bot\u00ebrore). Lufta p\u00ebr \u00e7lirim komb\u00ebtar ishte p\u00ebr Fanonin nj\u00eb busull orientimi n\u00eb bot\u00eb dhe gur themeli p\u00ebr solidaritet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. Revolucioni Algjerian ishte avangarda e revolucioneve afrikane. Sipas tij, Algjeria ishte nyja m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e imperializmit francez, prandaj e para q\u00eb duhej k\u00ebputur. P\u00ebr zgjerimin e revolucionit n\u00eb mbar\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn duhej formuar nj\u00eb Legjion Afrikan p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur luftrat p\u00ebr liri n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kontinentin. PanAfrikanizmi i Fanonit nuk doli t\u00eb jet\u00eb fati i kontinentit, i cili mbeti peng i neokolonializmit, kapitalizmit q\u00eb i rrjepte l\u00ebnd\u00ebt e para, luftrave t\u00eb brendshme \u2018tribale\u2019 e sektare dhe k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb d\u00ebshp\u00ebruara p\u00ebr ndihma europiane. P\u00ebr Fanonin, p\u00ebrmes Hegelit dhe p\u00ebrtej Sartrit, beteja p\u00ebr t\u2019u njohur si i barabart\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb nuk mundet me u duru pa e pohu veten si absolut. Prandaj angazhimin p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Algjeris\u00eb dhe Afrik\u00ebs e b\u00ebnte me besimin se n\u00eb k\u00ebto luhet fati i nj\u00eb Humanizmi t\u00eb Ri. P\u00ebrndryshe \u00e7lirimi komb\u00ebtar me synim rikthimin n\u00eb nj\u00eb kultur\u00eb zezake \u201cautentike\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb rrug\u00eb pa krye. Lufta komb\u00ebtare nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb konservatore e vlerave autentike etnike e tribale, por mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr revolucionarizimin e njer\u00ebzimit, qoft\u00eb ky n\u00ebp\u00ebr cepat e bot\u00ebs. Pasi u diagnostikua me leu\u00e7emi n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 1960 dhe pa gjasa mbijetese, vendosi me i shpenzu muajt e fundit p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimtare filozofike quajtur T\u00eb Mallkuarit e Bot\u00ebs 2. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb, Houari Boum\u00e9dienne, si shef shtabi i ushtris\u00eb s\u00eb Frontit, e ftoi t\u00eb mbante nj\u00eb seri leksionesh p\u00ebr trupat e tij. Sh\u00ebnimet e para t\u00eb T\u00eb Mallkuarit e Bot\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb mbajtur si ligj\u00ebrata para ushtar\u00ebve. Fanoni vdes vet\u00ebm tre dit\u00eb pas publikimit t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj vepre, m\u00eb 6 dhjetor t\u00eb vitit\u00a0 1961. T\u00eb Mallkuarit e Bot\u00ebs tenton t\u00eb 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