{"id":2250,"date":"2019-07-20T10:46:47","date_gmt":"2019-07-20T08:46:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nyje.al\/?p=2250"},"modified":"2024-09-04T01:13:06","modified_gmt":"2024-09-03T23:13:06","slug":"si-te-shkruajme-nje-ese","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/si-te-shkruajme-nje-ese\/","title":{"rendered":"Si t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb nj\u00eb Ese?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2250\" class=\"elementor elementor-2250\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a243662 e-flex e-con-boxed wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2a243662\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48c8ccb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"48c8ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #800000;font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\"><strong>Pavjo Gjini | 20.07.2019 | nyje.al\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Ky punim u sh\u00ebrben nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve, student\u00ebve, gazetar\u00ebve t\u00eb rinj dhe t\u00eb gjith\u00eb atyre q\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment apo n\u00eb tjetrin u nevojitet ose kan\u00eb k\u00ebrsh\u00ebrin\u00eb me m\u00ebsu se si shkruhet nj\u00eb ese. Materiali \u00ebsht\u00eb i ngjeshur dhe i p\u00ebrmbledhur p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb kan\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb ose pak dit\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar se \u00e7\u2019\u00ebsht\u00eb kjo form\u00eb e t\u00eb shkruarit dhe se si t\u2019ia mb\u00ebrrijn\u00eb ta shkruajn\u00eb nj\u00eb sosh. K\u00ebtu p\u00ebrshkruhen t\u00eb gjith\u00eb hapat q\u00eb ndiqen p\u00ebr shkrimin e nj\u00eb eseje, p\u00ebrshkruhet forma dhe llojet e saj, bashk\u00eb me sugjerimet p\u00ebr t\u2019i patur parasysh p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb shkrimit. Nevoja p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb punim erdhi nga fakti se n\u00eb internet mungojn\u00eb shkrime t\u00eb tilla n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe ose gjenden copa-copa. Sigurisht q\u00eb libra t\u00eb botuar n\u00eb shqip me k\u00ebt\u00eb objekt ekzistojn\u00eb, qoft\u00eb nga studiues shqiptar\u00eb qoft\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyer nga gjuh\u00ebt e tjera. Po ashtu, eseist\u00ebt e shk\u00eblqyer nuk i mungojn\u00eb qoft\u00eb historis\u00eb qoft\u00eb aktualitetit t\u00eb letrave shqipe. Megjithat\u00eb, ky shkrim \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr ata t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk e kan\u00eb koh\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019i lexuar dhe kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb recet\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb gatimi. Artikulli \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak se nj\u00eb doracak. M\u00eb shum\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fletushk\u00eb e cila p\u00ebrmbledh bazat kryesore t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj teknike shkrimi dhe mund ta shtyj\u00eb lexuesin p\u00ebr t\u2019u thelluar m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb hulumtimin e saj. Nevoja p\u00ebr shkrimin e eseve b\u00ebhet edhe m\u00eb urgjente kur kujtojm\u00eb dob\u00ebsimin d\u00ebshp\u00ebrues t\u00eb universiteteve dhe shkollave t\u00eb mesme n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi n\u00eb trevat shqiptare dhe programet e pamb\u00ebshtetura p\u00ebr diaspor\u00ebn. M\u00eb specifikisht, shkrimit akademik si l\u00ebnd\u00eb n\u00eb gjimnaze dhe n\u00eb fakultete nuk i \u00ebsht\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e duhur. Edhe n\u00eb shtypin e shkruar niveli i artikujve gazetaresk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebn nivelin e eses\u00eb.<\/span><\/p><hr \/><p><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nyje.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Jacques-Louis_David_-_La_Mort_de_Marat.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2252\" src=\"http:\/\/www.nyje.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Jacques-Louis_David_-_La_Mort_de_Marat.jpg\" alt=\"Vdekja e Maratit, piktur\u00eb e Jacques-Luis David (1793)\" width=\"426\" height=\"508\" \/><\/a><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\"><em>Vdekja e Maratit, piktur\u00eb e Jacques-Luis David (1793)<\/em><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Eseja \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb pjes\u00eb integrale e kurrikulave si n\u00eb arsimin parauniversitar ashtu edhe n\u00eb at\u00eb universitar. Konsiderohet nd\u00ebr dijet baz\u00eb q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb dij\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsi dhe studenti n\u00eb lidhje me aft\u00ebsit\u00eb shkruese dhe reflektuese. Kjo form\u00eb shkrimi na jep mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb parashtrojm\u00eb nj\u00eb problematik\u00eb, t\u00eb mbajm\u00eb q\u00ebndrim kritik mbi t\u00eb dhe t\u00eb mundemi ta mbrojm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebndrim p\u00ebrmes argumenteve. Funksioni i saj \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb temave dhe objekteve q\u00eb parashtron dhe q\u00eb n\u00eb dukje t\u00eb par\u00eb mund t\u00eb shfaqen jo problematik\u00eb, t\u2019ua\u00a0 problematizoj\u00eb dukjen e paqt\u00eb, indiferente apo konsensuale duke i vendosur n\u00ebn sit\u00ebn e mendimit kritik. Shkrimi i eses\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb mekanik e p\u00ebrs\u00ebrit\u00ebs, por krijues e kritik.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Vet\u00eb autorit kjo form\u00eb i jep\u00a0 mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb eksploroj\u00eb mendimet, marazet dhe hamendjet e tij mbi nj\u00eb tem\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ai k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb i qart\u00eb dhe m\u00eb i artikuluar p\u00ebrball\u00eb nj\u00eb <strong><em>Tjetri<\/em><\/strong>. Eseja nuk mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb gati n\u00eb kok\u00ebn ton\u00eb ende pa u shkruar. Shkrimi i saj \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb aventur\u00eb e mendimit mbi nj\u00eb tem\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e t\u00eb menduarit n\u00eb vetvete. Ne mund t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb tez\u00eb, nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim dhe disa argumenta para se t\u00eb ulemi me shkrujt, mir\u00ebpo eseja na ndihmon t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se p\u00ebrse ne e kemi k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebndrim dhe se sa q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb argumentat ton\u00eb, na ndihmon me strukturu mendimin dhe q\u00ebndrimin ton\u00eb. P\u00ebrndryshe, mendimet i kemi t\u00eb \u00e7ak\u00ebrdisura. N\u00ebse e marrim t\u00eb mir\u00ebqen\u00eb poetin Paul Valery tek thot\u00eb se \u2018gjuha \u00ebsht\u00eb <em>Zoti<\/em> i \u00e7ak\u00ebrdisur n\u00eb mish\u2019, at\u00ebher\u00eb eseja \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga m\u00ebnyrat p\u00ebr ta kurdisur apo akorduar k\u00ebt\u00eb <em>Zot<\/em> jasht\u00eb mishit n\u00eb let\u00ebr.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Kjo teknik\u00eb letrare na trajnon sesi t\u00eb m\u00ebsojm\u00eb vet\u00eb, sesi ta shtjellojm\u00eb mendimin ton\u00eb. Fjala \u2018ese\u2019 vjen nga frengjishtja dhe n\u00ebnkupton \u2018t\u00eb provosh\u2019, \u2018t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqesh\u2019. P\u00ebr Montenjin n\u00eb shek XVI, i pari i cili i qasej shkrimeve t\u00eb veta me k\u00ebt\u00eb term, q\u00ebllimi i saj ishte \u2018p\u00ebrpjekja\u2019 e sinqert\u00eb me ftillu mendimet n\u00eb shkrim mbi nj\u00eb shqet\u00ebsim apo habi ton\u00ebn. Kjo form\u00eb i jep mund\u00ebsin\u00eb autorit t\u00eb qart\u00ebsoj\u00eb raportin me idet\u00eb e tij. Eseja p\u00ebrmbyllet si nj\u00eb qark i shkurt\u00ebr rreth tem\u00ebs s\u00eb saj pa pretenduar shterimin e k\u00ebsaj teme. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sprovim i ideve tona, nj\u00eb tentativ\u00eb p\u00ebr ta par\u00eb n\u00ebse nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim a mendim q\u00eb kemi funksionon, n\u00ebse q\u00ebndron n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00ebt e veta.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Shkrimi i eses\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkruar ide, por edhe p\u00ebr t\u2019i zbuluar ato p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij procesi; nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar se \u00e7far\u00eb d\u00ebshiron, \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb intrigon apo shqet\u00ebson dhe se p\u00ebrse ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi kjo p\u00ebr ty. Shkrimi mund t\u00eb ting\u00eblloj\u00eb formal p\u00ebr nga tema, struktura dhe tonaliteti, ose informal p\u00ebr nga trajtesa personale dhe intime e ndjeshm\u00ebrive dhe mendimeve t\u00eb autorit. Mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr kritik\u00eb letrare, pra kritik\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb teksti q\u00eb kemi lexuar, p\u00ebr zhvillimin e nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrimi politik, p\u00ebr shpalosjen e nj\u00eb polemike me nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr eseist, p\u00ebr p\u00ebrshkrimin e nj\u00eb fenomeni dhe p\u00ebr reflektimin e autorit mbi nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje. P\u00ebr shkrimtarin amerikan Aldos Huxley nj\u00eb ese e mir\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin <strong><em>p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn personale t\u00eb autorit, fakte mbi tem\u00ebn dhe nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim abstrakt universal<\/em><\/strong>.<sup>1<\/sup><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">P\u00ebr dallim nga punimet shkencore dhe prozat letrare, eseja \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb e \u00e7lir\u00ebt e t\u00eb argumentuarit t\u00eb mendimeve dhe tipet e saj jan\u00eb t\u00eb shum\u00ebllojsh\u00ebm. Disa nga llojet m\u00eb t\u00eb njohura dhe nd\u00ebr kategorizimet m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb eses\u00eb jan\u00eb:<\/span><\/p><ul style=\"text-align: justify\"><li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\"><strong><em><u>Eseja p\u00ebrshkruese <\/u><\/em><\/strong>&#8211; merret me p\u00ebrshkrimin e nj\u00eb subjekti, objekti, teme a problematike dhe me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e k\u00ebtij p\u00ebrshkrimi. P\u00ebr ese t\u00eb tilla objekti i marr\u00eb n\u00ebn shqyrtim \u00ebsht\u00eb i qart\u00eb dhe i duksh\u00ebm. Ky tip shkrimi e ndan tem\u00ebn deri n\u00eb detaje p\u00ebr t\u2019i ofruar lexuesit nj\u00eb panoram\u00eb vizuale t\u00eb saj.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\"><strong><em><u>Eseja shpjeguese<\/u><\/em><\/strong> \u2013 shpjegon p\u00ebrkufizimin, historin\u00eb dhe gjendjen e nj\u00eb subjekti apo teme. Shpjegimi tenton t\u2019i p\u00ebrgjigjet Pse-s\u00eb dhe Si-s\u00eb s\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb problematik\u00ebs n\u00ebn shqyrtim. Shpjegimi mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet p\u00ebmes analizave, krahasimeve, kontrasteve, lidhjeve shkak-pasoj\u00eb, etj.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\"><strong><u>Eseja bind\u00ebse<\/u><\/strong> &#8211; p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga shtrimi i linj\u00ebs argumentuese t\u00eb autorit mbi nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim t\u00eb caktuar q\u00eb do t\u00eb mbroj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb bindur lexuesin mbi q\u00ebndrimin e tij. Mundet t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet e gjitha nga shtrimi i nj\u00eb radhe argumentash mbi tem\u00ebn, ose mundet t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga parashtrimi i nj\u00eb argumenti qendror pasuar nga nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrargumenti thelb\u00ebsor dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbyllet me nj\u00eb linj\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimtare argumentimi ku rimbrohet teza fillestare me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje bind\u00ebse ndaj kund\u00ebrargumentit.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\"><strong><em><u>Eseja narrative<\/u><\/em><\/strong> \u2013 lidhet me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb personale t\u00eb autorit ku autori tregon p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn dhe ndjesit\u00eb e tij duke e shkruar at\u00eb n\u00eb vet\u00ebn e par\u00eb. P\u00ebrvoja mund t\u00eb lidhet me nj\u00eb ngjarje n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn autori \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ose vet\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb e caktuar e autorit mund t\u00eb tregohet si vet\u00eb ngjarja e eses\u00eb.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Korniz\u00ebn fillestare t\u00eb eses\u00eb mund ta mendojm\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga 5 paragraf\u00eb: i pari hyr\u00ebs, tre t\u00eb rradh\u00ebs p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb trupin e eses\u00eb dhe i fundit p\u00ebrmbyll\u00ebs. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb skelet m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti p\u00ebr t\u2019u patur parasysh kur nuk kemi shkruar ese m\u00eb par\u00eb dhe jo p\u00ebr t\u2019u marr\u00eb si modeli ideal i saj. Paragrafi i pari sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr prezantimin e tem\u00ebs q\u00eb do t\u00eb trajtohet p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb shkrimit, shpall qart\u00eb q\u00ebndrimin e autorit, futet drejt e n\u00eb tem\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrmend p\u00ebrmbledhtazi argumentet kryesor\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb v\u00ebrtetojn\u00eb q\u00ebndrimin p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb shkrimit. Pas tij, 3 paragraf\u00ebt e trupit t\u00eb eses\u00eb shpalosin argumentet tona n\u00eb nj\u00eb linj\u00eb argumentuese t\u00eb ndar\u00eb n\u00eb 3 pjes\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrsa paragrafi i fundit p\u00ebrmbyll esen\u00eb duke rikapitulluar pikat e saj qendrore dhe duke treguar r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e tez\u00ebs q\u00eb ato l\u00ebvrojn\u00eb. Ky paragraf i jep frym\u00ebmarrje shkrimit duke e rikapitulluar m\u00eb thjesht\u00eb se trajtesa dhe l\u00eb shteg p\u00ebr mendime t\u00eb ardhshme; \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb patrajtuara.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Tre paragrafet e trupit shp\u00ebrfaqin llojin e eses\u00eb q\u00eb po shkruajm\u00eb. P\u00ebrshembull, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ese argumentuese lidhja mes k\u00ebtyre tre paragrafeve mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e till\u00eb: paragrafi i par\u00eb i trupit t\u00eb eses\u00eb mund t\u00eb shkruhet duke patur n\u00eb mendje lexuesin q\u00eb synojm\u00eb tek p\u00ebrpiqemi ta fusim at\u00eb drejt e n\u00eb problematik\u00ebn q\u00eb kemi marr\u00eb n\u00ebn trajtim. Ky paragraf mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruaj\u00eb problemin q\u00eb po ballafaqojm\u00eb me informacionin p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs t\u00eb domosdosh\u00ebm p\u00ebr lexuesin, t\u00eb parashtroj\u00eb kontekstin e problemit, t\u00eb p\u00ebrkufizoj\u00eb tem\u00ebn n\u00ebn shqyrtim, t\u00eb filloj\u00eb analiz\u00ebn e argumentit ton\u00eb fillestar, ose t\u00eb parashtroj\u00eb pik\u00ebpamjen q\u00eb duam t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtojm\u00eb p\u00ebrmes tez\u00ebs ton\u00eb dhe kontradiktat e saj. Paragrafi i dyt\u00eb mund t\u00eb shtoj\u00eb nj\u00eb argument tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb favorin ton\u00eb ose t\u00eb parashtroj\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje sa m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundshme nga perspektiva e kund\u00ebrt me t\u00eb ton\u00ebn. K\u00ebtu mund t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb kund\u00ebrargumentin m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ngrihet kund\u00ebr eses\u00eb ton\u00eb. Paragrafi i kat\u00ebrt \u00ebsht\u00eb paragrafi m\u00eb i fort\u00eb retorik e logjik, ai q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb e presin. K\u00ebtu \u2018armikut\u2019, ose ides\u00eb q\u00eb po kund\u00ebrshtojm\u00eb, i japim goditjen finale. Argumenti ky\u00e7 dhe q\u00ebndror vendoset n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb paragraf, analizohet dhe tregohet sesi \u00ebsht\u00eb komplet ndryshe nga ai i \u2018armikut\u2019 apo i konsensusit publik mbi tem\u00ebn.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Secili paragraf q\u00ebndron logjikisht dhe gramatikisht m\u00eb vete dhe secili trajton t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht nj\u00ebrin nga argumentat ton\u00eb mbi tez\u00ebn e shkrimit. Paragrafi \u00ebsht\u00eb si nj\u00eb mini-ese p\u00ebr nj\u00ebr\u00ebn nga pikat e tem\u00ebs q\u00eb ne duam t\u00eb shtjellojm\u00eb. Paragrafet e trupit t\u00eb eses\u00eb komunikojn\u00eb qart\u00eb nj\u00eb zon\u00eb t\u00eb ides\u00eb s\u00eb saj. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb tij, \u00e7do paragraf i hap rrug\u00ebn dhe lidhet logjikisht dhe estetikisht me paragrafin e rradh\u00ebs. Paragrafet i shtrojn\u00eb rrug\u00ebn nj\u00ebri-tjetrit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mos ting\u00ebllojm\u00eb kakofon, por polifon. Idealisht secili prej tyre sh\u00ebrben si bazament i sigurt p\u00ebr pasardh\u00ebsin. Teksti duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb integral, t\u00eb ting\u00eblloj\u00eb harmonik dhe ta mbaj\u00eb premtimin e shtjellimit t\u00eb tez\u00ebs s\u00eb tij qendrore nga fillimi n\u00eb fund.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Edhe vet\u00eb paragrafi ka hyrje, zhvillim dhe mbyllje. Si fillim mund ta mendoj t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga 5 deri n\u00eb 8 fjali. Ka fjali qendrore dhe fjal\u00eb ky\u00e7e (ato t\u00eb cilat priten t\u00eb shtjellohen m\u00eb tej). Fjalia qendrore dhe fjal\u00ebt ky\u00e7e jan\u00eb ato mbi t\u00eb cilat mbahet paragrafi dhe n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb t\u00eb cilave \u00ebsht\u00eb. Fjalia qendrore s\u2019duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb neutrale dhe e vak\u00ebt, por pohuese dhe polemike. Fjalia qendrore nuk e p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson tez\u00ebn, por \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00eb teza. \u00cbsht\u00eb q\u00ebndrim dhe qasje, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht\u00eb informuese. \u00cbsht\u00eb gjykim dhe jo fakt. Nj\u00eb tez\u00eb e mir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb specifike dhe e p\u00ebrmbledhur. Mir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb fjalia e par\u00eb n\u00eb paragraf ose e dyta, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019i jap\u00eb drejtim paragrafit, por mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb edhe e fundit p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbyllur argumentimin, si rezultante e tij. N\u00ebse paragrafi nuk ka nj\u00eb fjali qendrore, nj\u00eb ide e posa\u00e7me duhet ta p\u00ebrshkruaj\u00eb p\u00ebr ta mbajtur t\u00eb bashkuar. Pozicioni i paragrafit \u00ebsht\u00eb ky\u00e7 p\u00ebr natyr\u00ebn e tij. P\u00ebrshembull, i pari, meq\u00eb e hap esen\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb shpall\u00ebs, ftues dhe p\u00ebrmbledh\u00ebs.<sup>2<br \/><\/sup><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Paragrafi mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrkufizoj\u00eb nj\u00eb term, t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruaj\u00eb nj\u00eb person ose vend, t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb nj\u00eb krahasim. Mund t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb \u00e7\u2019ndodhi, t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledh\u00eb nj\u00eb opinion, t\u00eb jap\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim. Nj\u00eb paragraf i mir\u00eb b\u00ebn nj\u00eb pyetje dhe i p\u00ebrgjigjet, p\u00ebrshkruan nj\u00eb pasoj\u00eb dhe shpjegon shkakun, parashtron detaje dhe arrin n\u00eb konkluzione mbi to, ofron nj\u00eb analogji ose paraqet nj\u00eb kronologji. Paragrafi mund t\u00eb nis\u00eb nga nj\u00eb shembull p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb gjykim p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsues ose t\u2019ia nisin nga nj\u00eb gjykim p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsues te nj\u00eb shembull specifik. Paragraf\u00ebt mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr, me m\u00eb pak se pes\u00eb fjali, kur sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb p\u00ebr kalime ose p\u00ebrmbledhje argumenti.<sup>3<\/sup><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">&#8230;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">M\u00ebnyra m\u00eb e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar se si t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb nj\u00eb ese \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrvijojm\u00eb rrug\u00ebtimin e dikujt q\u00eb di ta shkruaj\u00eb at\u00eb.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Kur na duhet t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb nj\u00eb ese, shqet\u00ebsimi i par\u00eb q\u00eb lind \u00ebsht\u00eb pyetja e ankthshme se p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb shkruaj? Na duhet t\u00eb zgjedhim! Na duhet t\u00eb vendosim p\u00ebr nj\u00eb tem\u00eb me nj\u00eb subjekt mbi t\u00eb cilin do t\u00eb mbajm\u00eb nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim. Tema dhe subjekti duhet t\u00eb na interesojn\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb mbi t\u00eb, t\u00eb jemi t\u00eb intriguar ta shtjellojm\u00eb, t\u00eb ndjejm\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e shkrimit t\u00eb saj, t\u00eb duam t\u00eb sqarojm\u00eb veten mbi t\u00eb, dhe t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundshme t\u00eb kryhet prej nesh si p\u00ebr nga v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsia e tem\u00ebs, burimet e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave apo p\u00ebr nga koha q\u00eb kemi n\u00eb dispozicion.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Eseja \u00ebsht\u00eb ballafaqim. Synimi jon\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb lexuesi t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb mendje mbi tem\u00ebn, t\u00eb dalloj\u00eb q\u00ebndrimin ton\u00eb nga ai i \u2018armikut\u2019, t\u2019i t\u00ebrhiqet v\u00ebmendja mbi \u00e7\u00ebshtjen. Pra, shkruajm\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb lexues i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb minimalisht i t\u00ebrhequr nga tema a titulli dhe q\u00eb b\u00ebhet maksimalisht i t\u00ebrhequr nga teza jon\u00eb. Shkruajm\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb lexues t\u00eb cilit ia dim\u00eb kodin gjuh\u00ebsor, m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e t\u00eb logjikuarit dhe ndjeshm\u00ebrit\u00eb. Shkrimin duhet ta mendojm\u00eb si bashk\u00ebbisedim me lexuesin. Kur mendojm\u00eb se mbi \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb mendojm\u00eb edhe se si do t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb p\u00ebr lexuesin ton\u00eb specifik, se \u00e7\u2019duhet t\u00eb dij\u00eb ai\/ajo, pse duhet t\u00eb interesohet dhe se \u00e7\u2019duhet t\u00eb vendos\u00eb. Shkruajm\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb lexues mes neutralitetit dhe shqet\u00ebsimit mbi tem\u00ebn. Nuk shkruajm\u00eb p\u00ebr \u2018armikun\u2019, por e kemi n\u00eb mendje \u2018armikun\u2019 tek shkruajm\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb dallimin me t\u00eb.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Pasi vendosim tem\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn duam t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb, n\u00eb nj\u00eb cop\u00eb let\u00ebr apo n\u00eb nj\u00eb dokument kompjuteri hedhim idet\u00eb, argumentet, pikat kryesore q\u00eb na vijn\u00eb nd\u00ebrmend tek mendojm\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb. M\u00ebnyra e hedhjes s\u00eb sh\u00ebnimeve fillestare i p\u00ebrshtatet autorit. Nj\u00eb prej m\u00ebnyrave p\u00ebr ta fokusuar vet\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmes shkrimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb pyetjeje q\u00eb na bren dhe t\u00eb cil\u00ebs shkrimi jon\u00eb do t\u00eb synoj\u00eb t\u2019i jap\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje. Dikush i hedh n\u00eb form\u00eb liste, dikush n\u00eb form\u00eb skicash dhe dikush tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb form\u00eb skemash. N\u00eb let\u00ebr hedhim gjithcka dim\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb mbi tem\u00ebn, tez\u00ebn ton\u00eb fillestare sado qesharake dhe e p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb na ting\u00eblloj\u00eb. I mbajm\u00eb sh\u00ebnim argumentat logjik q\u00eb na mbijn\u00eb n\u00eb mendje, literatur\u00ebn dhe personat q\u00eb kemi lexuar apo pyetur tashm\u00eb, apo q\u00eb mund t\u00eb lexojm\u00eb dhe t\u00eb pyesim mbi tem\u00ebn. Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e sh\u00ebnimeve mund t\u00eb fshihen m\u00eb von\u00eb, por si fillim e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u2019i hapim pun\u00eb vetes me pikat p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb, me pikat q\u00eb duhen hulumtuar p\u00ebr t\u2019u kuptuar n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e udh\u00ebs t\u00eb shtjellohen m\u00eb tutje.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Planifikojm\u00eb koh\u00ebn q\u00eb kemi n\u00eb dispozicion p\u00ebr esen\u00eb. Koha \u00ebsht\u00eb faktori m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm q\u00eb na p\u00ebrcakton se sa mund ta zgjerojm\u00eb punimin ton\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim dhe shkrim. Ka ese q\u00eb mund t\u2019i shkruajm\u00eb pa patur nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr hulumtime para shkrimit. P\u00ebr shkrime t\u00eb tilla, hulumtimi b\u00ebhet brenda labirintit t\u00eb mendjes ton\u00eb mbi leximet paraprake, shqet\u00ebsimet dhe mendimet tona rreth tem\u00ebs. Hulumtimi kryhet brenda ndjesive dhe mendimeve tona t\u00eb mbledhura m\u00ebpar\u00eb nga p\u00ebrvojat. P\u00ebr ato ku lipset t\u00eb b\u00ebhet k\u00ebrkim paraprak, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb eset\u00eb universitare dhe gazetareske, k\u00ebrkimin e b\u00ebjm\u00eb sepse m\u00eb duhen prova p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur tez\u00ebn time. M\u00eb duhen shembuj, d\u00ebshmi, analiza, p\u00ebrmbledhje, perifrazime, citime, fakte, arsye, statistika, p\u00ebrshkrime, ilustrime, raporte qeveritare dhe OJQ-sh\u00eb, ligje, investigime, artikuj gazetaresk, revista, fjalime, punime akademike, intervista personale, p\u00ebrvoja personale, p\u00ebrkufizime, e t\u00eb ngjashme si k\u00ebto. T\u00eb gjitha burimet q\u00eb m\u00eb vijn\u00eb nd\u00ebrmend nga \u00e7&#8217;kam lexuar, d\u00ebgjuar dhe shikuar i mbaj sh\u00ebnim p\u00ebr t\u2019i k\u00ebrkuar p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb hulumtimit.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">M\u00ebnyra m\u00eb e shpejt\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimin e tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmes internetit, bibliotekave dhe librarive. P\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimet n\u00eb internet, por jo vet\u00ebm, m\u00eb duhet t\u00eb sigurohem se informacioni \u00ebsht\u00eb i sakt\u00eb, i besuesh\u00ebm dhe m\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kuptoj se nga \u00e7\u2019k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrim dhe se nga \u00e7\u2019subjekt \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar dhe botuar ai. N\u00eb rastet kur tem\u00ebn apo subjektin q\u00eb kam n\u00ebn trajtim nuk e njoh mir\u00eb dhe nuk di si t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj p\u00ebr t\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb mendoj n\u00ebse njoh dik\u00eb q\u00eb e njeh problematik\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn po shkruaj. Gjej kontaktin e tij\/saj dhe provoj t\u00eb l\u00eb takim p\u00ebr ta pyetur mbi dokumentet dhe problematikat q\u00eb e karakterizojn\u00eb tem\u00ebn ton\u00eb. N\u00eb takim shkoj me disa pyetje paraprake p\u00ebr personin n\u00eb fjal\u00eb. Pyetjet tona jan\u00eb t\u00eb domosdoshme q\u00eb ta orientojn\u00eb edhe at\u00eb, q\u00eb t\u00eb mundet t\u00eb na orientoj\u00eb m\u00eb pas ai\/ajo ne si k\u00ebrkues n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb foksuar. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb e d\u00ebgjoj mbaj sh\u00ebnime. Materialet e sugjeruara prej tij\/saj i lexoj m\u00eb pas duke mbajtur po prap sh\u00ebnime p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb leximit, qoft\u00eb t\u00eb ideve t\u00eb punimeve q\u00eb mendoj se m\u00eb sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb p\u00ebr esen\u00eb, qoft\u00eb emra autor\u00ebsh apo materiale t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden aty dhe q\u00eb mua m\u00eb duhet t\u2019i gjurmoj. Sigurohem t\u00eb mbaj edhe faqen e materialit, autorin, titullin, botuesin, vitin dhe qytetin e botimit, p\u00ebr t\u2019i sh\u00ebnuar n\u00eb fund si citime dhe bibliografi.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Burimet m\u00eb duhet t\u2019i lexoj n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb kritike. Shoh n\u00ebse subjekti i tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb i nj\u00ebjt\u00eb me shqet\u00ebsimin e eses\u00eb time, sh\u00ebnoj argumentat kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb tij n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhur, mbaj sh\u00ebnim tez\u00ebn kryesore n\u00ebse ka dhe nuk harroj faktet e padiskutueshme q\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden. Po ashtu, jam i v\u00ebmendsh\u00ebm ndaj llojit t\u00eb tekstit, q\u00ebndrimit t\u00eb autorit, lexuesit p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar dhe retorik\u00ebn q\u00eb e karakterizon materialin. Var\u00ebsisht nga koha q\u00eb kam dhe natyra e materialeve vendos edhe p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn sesi do t\u2019i lexoj tekstet. Vendos n\u00ebse do t\u2019i hedh nj\u00eb sy p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00ebse figuron n\u00eb kapitujt e tij\/saj tema apo subjekti yn\u00eb q\u00eb ta lexoj t\u00eb ve\u00e7uar, n\u00ebse e lexoj n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb dhe sip\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsore kur po k\u00ebrkoj vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr interpretimin e ndonj\u00eb fakti a ngjarjeje specifike, n\u00ebse e lexoj imt\u00ebsisht kur \u00ebsht\u00eb investigim, apo n\u00ebse b\u00ebj lexim intensiv kur \u00ebsht\u00eb tekst i ngjeshur letrar, kritik, politik apo filozofik. N\u00eb rastet kur nuk kam koh\u00eb t\u00eb lexoj materiale t\u00eb gjata mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj p\u00ebr kritika apo artikuj p\u00ebrmbledh\u00ebs mbi to ose mund t\u00eb lexoj abstraktin apo vet\u00ebm hyrjen e materialeve t\u00eb caktuara. N\u00eb \u00e7do lexim q\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb nuk duhet t\u00eb heqim dor\u00eb nga qasja jon\u00eb kritike. Kjo n\u00ebnkupton pyet\u00ebsimin e pandehmave tona dhe t\u00eb atyre t\u00eb autorit, pyet\u00ebsim i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe i p\u00ebrfundimeve. As besimet tona as besimet e autorit nuk duhet t\u00eb merren p\u00ebr t\u00eb mir\u00ebqena, por t\u00eb pyet\u00ebsohen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb n\u00ebse i q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb testit t\u00eb kritik\u00ebs, t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se mbi \u00e7\u2019baza logjike mb\u00ebshteten.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Sh\u00ebnimet mbi leximet i mbaj ose n\u00eb form\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje koncize, ose n\u00eb form\u00eb perifrazimi t\u00eb argumentave t\u00eb autorit me gjuh\u00ebn time, ose me citime fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr fjal\u00eb t\u00eb autorit. Pasi kam mbaruar pun\u00eb me hulumtimin i lexoj disa her\u00eb sh\u00ebnimet e mia dhe fokusohem aty ku t\u00ebrhiqem ose \u00e7uditem prej tyre. I rikthehem skic\u00ebs fillestare duke ia shtuar t\u00eb rejat e hulumtimit dhe tek i rilexoj mendoj n\u00ebse ka nj\u00eb fokus tema, n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb specfike mjaftuesh\u00ebm dhe n\u00ebse mundem ta precizoj tutje q\u00ebndrimin tim mbi t\u00eb. E rishoh n\u00ebse kam argumentim t\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrimin, n\u00ebse linj\u00ebn argumentuese e kam t\u00eb organizuar qart\u00eb dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrshkall\u00ebzim e sip\u00ebr.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Pas k\u00ebsaj pune mbajtje sh\u00ebnimesh, k\u00ebrkimesh, intervistash dhe rishikimesh mund t\u00eb them se jam gati p\u00ebr t\u2019u ulur dhe p\u00ebr ta shkruar esen\u00eb. P\u00ebrs\u00ebri, i rikujtoj vetes se procesi i shkrimit t\u00eb eses\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb pun\u00eb mekanike e hedhjes s\u00eb sh\u00ebnimeve n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb korrekte gjuh\u00ebsore. Vet\u00eb procesi i shkrimit do t\u00eb m\u00eb shtyj\u00eb ta mendoj edhe m\u00eb thell\u00ebsisht vet\u00eb tez\u00ebn time, materialet q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor dhe linj\u00ebn argumentuese. N\u00eb shkrim do t\u00eb kuptoj se nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e sh\u00ebnimeve nuk m\u00eb sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb tjet\u00ebr kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb st\u00ebrhollim nga ana ime q\u00eb t\u00eb paraqiten t\u00eb komunikueshme logjikisht n\u00eb ese.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Kur ulemi me shkrujt fjalin\u00eb e par\u00eb rreziku fillestar \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrballja me ankthin e nisjes: si t\u2019ia nisim? \u00e7\u2019fjali t\u00eb shkruaj? K\u00ebt\u00eb ankth mund ta kalojm\u00eb thjesht duke hedhur n\u00eb let\u00ebr \u00e7\u2018na vjen nd\u00ebrmend. N\u00eb shkrim t\u00eb par\u00eb edhe fjalia e par\u00eb edhe i t\u00ebr\u00eb paragrafi hyr\u00ebs mund t\u00eb na ting\u00ebllojn\u00eb t\u00eb sforcuar dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrcipt\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb qendrore \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb nisim dhe t\u00eb mos ngecim. Do t\u00eb mund t\u2019i rishkruajm\u00eb \u00a0kur t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb redaktimin pas p\u00ebrfundimit. At\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb shkruhen edhe m\u00eb prer\u00eb, sakt\u00eb dhe bukur.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">P\u00ebr fjalin\u00eb e par\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb sugjerimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkruar di\u00e7ka q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb kapluese p\u00ebr tem\u00ebn, nj\u00eb konstatim shokues apo nj\u00eb deklarat\u00eb provokuese, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb lexuesi t\u00eb fiksohet menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb ese. Informacioni apo q\u00ebndrimi duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb dhe jo t\u00eb mjegullt. Fjalia hap\u00ebse mund t\u00eb shpall\u00eb tem\u00ebn q\u00eb do trajtohet, t\u00eb pohoj\u00eb objektin q\u00eb do t\u00eb merret n\u00ebn shqyrtim. Mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb po ashtu nj\u00eb argument kund\u00ebr-intuitiv\u00eb mbi tem\u00ebn n\u00eb fjal\u00eb, nj\u00eb shembull p\u00ebrjashtimor q\u00eb provon t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt\u00ebn e opinionit mbizot\u00ebrues. Shkrimin mund ta nis\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb anekdot\u00eb rigoroze, nj\u00eb p\u00ebrkufizim i fort\u00eb, apo nj\u00eb pyetje interesante a provokuese. N\u00eb nisje duhet t\u2019i shmangim p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsimet, t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrs\u00ebrisim titullin dhe t\u00eb mos ia fillojm\u00eb me nj\u00eb citim klishe. Fjalia e dyt\u00eb mund t\u00eb parashtroj\u00eb logjik\u00ebn e opinionit mbizot\u00ebrues mbi tem\u00ebn. P\u00ebrmes k\u00ebsaj fjalie tregojm\u00eb sesi njer\u00ebzit i raportohen zakonisht problematik\u00ebs n\u00eb fjal\u00eb. N\u00eb fjalin\u00eb e rradh\u00ebs mund t\u00eb shtrojm\u00eb shkurt dhe qart\u00eb tez\u00ebn ton\u00eb e cila do t\u00eb shtjellohet p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb eses\u00eb. Pas pohimit t\u00eb tez\u00ebs, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb fjalia qendrore e k\u00ebtij paragrafi, rreshtojm\u00eb argumentat kryesore q\u00eb do t\u00eb shpjegohen holl\u00ebsisht n\u00eb paragrafet e trupit p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur tez\u00ebn. Fjalia e fundit e k\u00ebtij paragrafi mundet t\u00eb flas\u00eb p\u00ebr r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e tem\u00ebs q\u00eb po trajtojm\u00eb dhe se pse \u00ebsht\u00eb i domosdosh\u00ebm q\u00ebndrimi mbi t\u00eb.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Paragrafi i rradh\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7elja e linj\u00ebs ton\u00eb argumentuese. Ky paragraf mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruaj\u00eb objektin, p\u00ebrkufizoj\u00eb termat, t\u00eb jap\u00eb kontekst historik t\u00eb debateve a opinioneve, t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb ngjarjen me kronologjin\u00eb dhe shkaqet e saj, t\u00eb perifrazoj\u00eb idet\u00eb e \u2018armikut\u2019, t\u00eb shtroj\u00eb nj\u00eb parantez\u00eb q\u00eb kthjellon pjes\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb shkrimit. Po ashtu, mund t\u00eb parashtroj\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull nga jeta, nj\u00eb d\u00ebshmi, apo t\u00eb shpjegoj\u00eb nj\u00eb hulumtim. Mundemi ta mbyllim si paragraf me argumentin ton\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb q\u00eb tregon se trajtesa jon\u00eb nxjerr n\u00eb pah di\u00e7ka t\u00eb re mbi tem\u00ebn.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Paragrafi i dyt\u00eb i trupit merr n\u00ebn shqyrtim nj\u00eb argument tjet\u00ebr tonin i cili mund t\u00eb rrjedh\u00eb logjikisht prej argumentit t\u00eb par\u00eb, t\u00eb shpjegoj\u00eb implikimet e tij, t\u00eb hedh\u00eb drit\u00eb mbi tem\u00ebn nga nj\u00eb k\u00ebnd tjet\u00ebr, ose t\u00eb parashtroj\u00eb kund\u00ebrargumentin m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm q\u00eb mendojm\u00eb se do t\u00eb na shtrohej p\u00ebrball\u00eb.<br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Pas tij, n\u00eb paragrafin e tret\u00eb t\u00eb trupit tregohet domosdoshm\u00ebria logjike e q\u00ebndrimit ton\u00eb, r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e tij universale ose polemika politike. Paragrafi mund t\u00eb dekonstruktoj\u00eb opinionin dominant ose argumentin e armikut p\u00ebrmes linj\u00ebs ton\u00eb argumentuese. \u00cbsht\u00eb paragrafi kulmor i eses\u00eb, aty ku linja jon\u00eb argumentuese p\u00ebrforcohet maksimalisht dhe shtjellohet m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti. N\u00ebse ky paragraf nuk na bind n\u00eb shkrim at\u00ebher\u00eb duhet ripar\u00eb dhe i duhet kushtuar v\u00ebmendje edhe m\u00eb e madhe.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Nd\u00ebrsa sa i p\u00ebrket paragrafit t\u00eb fundit nuk kemi pse ta nisim me \u201csi p\u00ebrfundim\u201d. Mund t\u00eb nis\u00eb me nj\u00eb citim apo p\u00ebrfundim q\u00eb zgjeron hyrjen e paragrafit t\u00eb par\u00eb, q\u00eb i b\u00ebn jehon\u00eb atij. Mundet t\u00eb rimarr\u00eb nj\u00eb ide a detaj nga paragrafi i par\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje q\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb kuptohej pa u shtjelluar m\u00eb par\u00eb e gjith\u00eb linja e argumentimit. Paragrafi i fundit sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr t\u00eb rip\u00ebrmbledhur me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb gjith\u00eb esen\u00eb nga teza qendrore dhe p\u00ebrfundimi i saj tek rip\u00ebrmendja e argumentave qendror. Mund t\u00eb mbyllet me nj\u00eb ngjarje historike ose mitologjike q\u00eb i jep perspektiv\u00eb dhe e l\u00eb lexuesin ta mendoj\u00eb esen\u00eb edhe n\u00eb situata t\u00eb tjera. Q\u00ebllimi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb shkruani nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim apokaliptik, nj\u00eb finale t\u00eb madhe. Paragrafi i fundit mund ta rijap\u00eb materialin e trajtuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrim t\u00eb ri, ta \u00e7oj\u00eb nj\u00eb hap m\u00eb tutje, ose t\u2019i tregoj\u00eb <strong><em>Tjetrit <\/em><\/strong>lexues se si t\u2019i raportohet eses\u00eb pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb saj.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Mbarimi i dor\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb shkrimit nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb fundi i k\u00ebsaj pune. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb punimin e kemi n\u00eb gjendjen fillestare t\u00eb t\u00eb shkruarit. Ai duhet redaktuar p\u00ebr nga p\u00ebrmbajtja dhe m\u00eb pas korrektuar p\u00ebr nga aspektet gjuh\u00ebsore. T\u00eb dyja k\u00ebto nd\u00ebrhyrje mir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhen t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn n\u00eb dy dit\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme, por edhe p\u00ebrpara tyre t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn p\u00ebr nj\u00eb dit\u00eb t\u00eb mos e prekim apo mendojm\u00eb si shkrim. Kjo b\u00ebhet p\u00ebr t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb kohore p\u00ebr t\u00eb pushuar, pas t\u00eb cil\u00ebs mundemi shkrimin ta lexojm\u00eb pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb si i huaj p\u00ebr t\u00eb dalluar gj\u00ebra q\u00eb na kan\u00eb rr\u00ebshkitur n\u00eb punim e sip\u00ebr. Edhe m\u00eb e udh\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb var\u00ebsisht nga natyra e tekstit shkrimin t\u2019ia japim nj\u00eb shoku\/qe, t\u00eb dashuri\/e, kolegu a familjari p\u00ebr ta lexuar dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb na dh\u00ebn\u00eb sugjerime sesi i ting\u00ebllon shkrimi, n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb i qart\u00eb dhe i argumentuar mjaftuesh\u00ebm.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Tashm\u00eb mund t\u2019i futemi redaktimit duke i kushtuar v\u00ebmendje m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe paragrafit hap\u00ebs. Meq\u00eb e dim\u00eb se si dhe se ku mb\u00ebrrin eseja jemi m\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7lir\u00ebt p\u00ebr ta rimenduar hapjen. Si\u00e7 thot\u00eb n\u00eb mbyllje t\u00eb <em>4 Kuarteteve<\/em> poeti T.S. Eliott, \u201cNe s\u2019do ta rreshtim k\u00ebrkimin, Dhe caku i k\u00ebrkimit ton\u00eb, Do jet\u00eb mb\u00ebrritja n\u00eb vendin e nisjes, Dhe njohja p\u00ebr s\u00eb pari e k\u00ebtij vendi <sup>4<\/sup><sup>\u201d.<\/sup> N\u00eb redaktim i dallojm\u00eb boshll\u00ebqet argumentuese q\u00eb mund t\u00eb mbushen dhe cedimet logjike q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrje. Shprehje m\u00eb t\u00eb rrjedhshme na vijn\u00eb n\u00eb mendje p\u00ebr t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar momente t\u00eb caktuara. Po ashtu, edhe vet\u00eb teza e eses\u00eb mund t\u00eb precizohet m\u00eb shum\u00eb duke ia ditur hullit\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat e kemi kanalizuar punimin. Sigurohemi p\u00ebrfundimisht n\u00ebse eseja \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar qart\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm, n\u00ebse ia mb\u00ebrrin ta komunikoj\u00eb historin\u00eb e saj, n\u00ebse na informon, n\u00ebse e ka t\u00eb qart\u00eb audienc\u00ebn dhe n\u00ebse i komunikon qart\u00eb lexuesve. Shohim se cil\u00ebn kemi si pik\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebt t\u00eb eses\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i p\u00ebrforcuar tutje n\u00ebse mundemi.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">N\u00eb gjuhen e p\u00ebrdorur tregohemi t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebnjanuar stilin bisedor me sharje, mallkime, shprehje t\u00eb huaja, p\u00ebrqeshje apo betime. Ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht tregohemi t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrdorur gjuh\u00eb seksiste, p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsime klishe, korrektes\u00eb politike, apo gjuh\u00eb teknike, t\u00eb fryr\u00eb, pretencioze dhe t\u00eb pakuptimt\u00eb.<sup>5<\/sup> Mashtrimi me faktet dhe p\u00ebrqeshja e pik\u00ebpamjeve kund\u00ebrshtare apo e atyre q\u00eb mendojn\u00eb ndryshe nga ne e vet\u00ebsabotojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb punimin.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">P\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket korrektimeve gjuh\u00ebsore duhet t\u00eb jemi vigjilent p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur p\u00ebrs\u00ebritjet e shpeshta t\u00eb emrave. Ku \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur i z\u00ebvend\u00ebsojm\u00eb me p\u00ebremra, ku \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe m\u00eb e mundur i heqim fare edhe p\u00ebremrat. Fjalia \u00ebsht\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e shkurt\u00ebr. Pika na jep mund\u00ebsin\u00eb me marr frym\u00eb edhe ne n\u00eb shkrim edhe lexuesit n\u00eb lexim. N\u00eb rast se \u00ebsht\u00eb e gjat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb fjali e n\u00ebnrenditur, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos l\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb ndara dy fjali shum\u00eb t\u00eb shkurtra informuese. Folja \u00ebsht\u00eb mir\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebs koh\u00eb brenda paragrafit dhe t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb form\u00ebn veprore. P\u00ebrcaktori duhet vendosur n\u00eb vendin e duhur p\u00ebr t\u2019u kuptuar menj\u00ebher\u00eb se kujt i referohet.<sup>6<\/sup> Fjalia \u00ebsht\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb nis\u00eb me kryefjal\u00ebn. Rendi i gjymtyr\u00ebve t\u00eb fjalis\u00eb t\u00eb filloj\u00eb me gj\u00ebn\u00eb e njohur q\u00eb vendoset e para dhe pastaj t\u00eb ndiqet nga e panjohura p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn thuhet fjalia. Lidhja mes fjalive mund\u00ebsohet me p\u00ebrs\u00ebritje, z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimit t\u00eb emrit me p\u00ebrem\u00ebr, lidh\u00ebza dhe rimarrje t\u00eb fjal\u00ebve ky\u00e7e nga fjali paraardh\u00ebse n\u00eb at\u00eb pasardh\u00ebse.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Lidhja e paragrafeve po ashtu b\u00ebhet me fjal\u00eb tranzitore, p\u00ebrs\u00ebritje fjale t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb paragrafit paraardh\u00ebs, ose me fjal\u00eb ky\u00e7e. Hapjet e paragraf\u00ebve me lidh\u00ebzat e tipit \u2018si fillim\u2019, \u2018s\u00eb pari\u2019, \u2018m\u00eb tutje\u2019, \u2018m\u00eb pas\u2019, \u2018pastaj\u2019, \u2018prandaj\u2019, \u2018megjithat\u00eb\u2019, \u2018po ashtu\u2019, \u2018p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr\u2019 tregojn\u00eb se struktura cedon. Lidh\u00ebzat mes paragrafeve shp\u00ebrfaqin riprodhim t\u00eb sh\u00ebnimeve, ose ting\u00ebllojn\u00eb si thjesht\u00eb listime t\u00eb shembujve.<sup>7<\/sup> Gjithsesi, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr t\u00eb lidhur fjali brenda paragrafit kur nuk na vjen nd\u00ebrmend variant m\u00eb i mir\u00eb. Sa i p\u00ebrket shenjave t\u00eb pik\u00ebsimit, lihet nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb bosh gjithnj\u00eb pas shenj\u00ebs s\u00eb pik\u00ebsimit dhe jo para tyre. Nd\u00ebrsa citimet e autor\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, kur i shkruajm\u00eb fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr fjal\u00eb, gjithnj\u00eb i fusim n\u00eb thonj\u00ebza n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb citohen si\u00e7 duhet dhe t\u00eb shmangim plagjiatur\u00ebn. \u00c7do ide e marr\u00eb diku duhet p\u00ebrmendur se nga ku dhe prej ku \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb n\u00eb footnote dhe n\u00eb bibliografi.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">K\u00ebto sugjerime t\u00eb m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme thjesht\u00eb mbulojn\u00eb gabimet m\u00eb t\u00eb zakonshme n\u00eb shkrim. P\u00ebr ta zot\u00ebruar p\u00ebrdorimin e gjuh\u00ebs dhe shum\u00ebsin\u00eb e formave t\u00eb t\u00eb shprehurit leximi i let\u00ebrsis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i paz\u00ebvend\u00ebsuesh\u00ebm nga asnj\u00eb lib\u00ebr mbi shkrimin shqip apo at\u00eb akademik.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">Sa i p\u00ebrket citimeve t\u00eb burimeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb tekstit ton\u00eb ato citohen n\u00eb dy momente: brenda n\u00eb tekst si citime apo referime dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb faqe ve\u00e7mas ne fund pas punimit si bibliografi. Formatet e citimit jan\u00eb t\u00eb shumta var\u00ebsisht nga natyra e tekstit dhe nga natyra e mediumit ku botohet teksti. P\u00ebr t\u00eb na e thjeshtuar pun\u00ebn, programi kompjuterik <strong><em>word<\/em> <\/strong>ka edhe butonat p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs p\u00ebr sh\u00ebnjimin e citimeve (sipas formatit q\u00eb na lipset), futjen e footnotave dhe listimin e bibliografis\u00eb n\u00ebn rubrik\u00ebn \u201creferences\u201d. P\u00ebr \u00e7do dokument q\u00eb citojm\u00eb na duhet t\u00eb marrim emrin dhe mbiemrin e autorit, titullin e punimit, qytetin e botimit, sht\u00ebpin\u00eb botuese, vitin e botimit dhe numrin e faqes. Kur b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr materiale t\u00eb marra jo ve\u00e7 n\u00eb libra t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, por edhe n\u00eb punime arkivore, pun\u00eb n\u00eb terren apo faqe interneti at\u00ebher\u00eb informacione shtes\u00eb duhen p\u00ebrmendur. P\u00ebr hir t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb s\u00eb tekstit t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto detaje nuk mund t\u00eb jepen k\u00ebtu, por mund t\u00eb gjenden leht\u00eb n\u00eb internet, edhe pse n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn angleze, ose duke bler\u00eb libra mbi shkrimin akademik. Puna e fundit q\u00eb mbetet \u00ebsht\u00eb listimi i bibliografis\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb eses\u00eb. N\u00ebn bibliografin\u00eb rendisim t\u00eb gjitha burimet t\u00eb cilave u kemi huazuar ide dhe njohuri. Me p\u00ebrmbylljen e bibliografis\u00eb puna jon\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrfunduar tashm\u00eb dhe gati p\u00ebr t\u2019u lexuar dhe kritikuar nga t\u00eb tjer\u00eb.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">T\u00eb gjitha sugjerimet e dh\u00ebna k\u00ebtu mund t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb si mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr t\u2019ia nisur sprovave me k\u00ebt\u00eb form\u00eb shkrimi. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb pika fillestare, pik\u00ebmb\u00ebrritja jon\u00eb ideale eseistike do t\u00eb kishte qen\u00eb nj\u00eb shkrim i ngjash\u00ebm me at\u00eb t\u00eb Martin Luter King Jr, \u201c<span style=\"color: #008080\"><a style=\"color: #008080\" href=\"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/leter-nga-burgu-i-birmingamit-gusht-1963\/\">Let\u00ebr nga Burgu i Birmingamit<\/a><\/span>\u201d botuar n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn gazet\u00eb elektronike si ky shkrim, <strong><em>nyje.al<\/em><\/strong>. Hendekun e madh mes sugjerimeve t\u00eb k\u00ebtij punimi dhe forc\u00ebs konjitive e letrare t\u00eb Martin Luter Kingut mund ta ngushtoj\u00eb vet\u00ebm puna e pareshtur e p\u00ebrballjes rigoroze p\u00ebrmes shkrimit me mendimet dhe shqet\u00ebsimet tona.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">______________________________________________________<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;font-size: 14pt\">1<span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;font-size: 12pt\">. Nora M. Alter &amp; Timothy Corrigan, eds., <em>Essays on the Essay Film<\/em>, (New York: Columbia University Press, 2017), f. 83.<\/span><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;font-size: 12pt\">2. Sylvian Barnet &amp; Pat Ballanca &amp; Marcia Stubbs, \u201cFormimi i Paragraf\u00ebve\u201d, n\u00eb <em>Shkrimi Akademik<\/em>, (Tiran\u00eb: Dita, 2000), f. 56-88.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;font-size: 12pt\">3. Ibid.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;font-size: 12pt\">4. T.S. Eliot, <em>Kat<\/em><em>\u00ebr Kuartetet<\/em>, P\u00ebrkthyer nga Azem Qazimi, (Tiran\u00eb: Zenit. 2018), f.137.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;font-size: 12pt\">5. Barnet, <em>Shkrimi Akademik<\/em>, f.105-121.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;font-size: 12pt\">6. Rami Memushaj, <em>Shqipja Standarde<\/em>, (Toena: Tiran\u00eb, 2005), f. 101-108.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;font-size: 12pt\">7. Ibid, f. 18-23.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;font-size: 12pt\">8. Martin Luter King Jr, <em>Let\u00ebr nga Burgu i Birmingamit<\/em>, (<a href=\"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/leter-nga-burgu-i-birmingamit-gusht-1963\/\">http:\/\/www.nyje.al\/leter-nga-burgu-i-birmingamit-gusht-1963\/<\/a>)<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pavjo Gjini | 20.07.2019 | nyje.al\u00a0 Ky punim u sh\u00ebrben nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve, student\u00ebve, gazetar\u00ebve t\u00eb rinj dhe t\u00eb gjith\u00eb atyre q\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment apo n\u00eb tjetrin u nevojitet ose kan\u00eb k\u00ebrsh\u00ebrin\u00eb me m\u00ebsu se si shkruhet nj\u00eb ese. Materiali \u00ebsht\u00eb i ngjeshur dhe i p\u00ebrmbledhur p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb kan\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb ose pak dit\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar se \u00e7\u2019\u00ebsht\u00eb kjo form\u00eb e t\u00eb shkruarit dhe se si t\u2019ia mb\u00ebrrijn\u00eb ta shkruajn\u00eb nj\u00eb sosh. K\u00ebtu p\u00ebrshkruhen t\u00eb gjith\u00eb hapat q\u00eb ndiqen p\u00ebr shkrimin e nj\u00eb eseje, p\u00ebrshkruhet forma dhe llojet e saj, bashk\u00eb me sugjerimet p\u00ebr t\u2019i patur parasysh p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb shkrimit. Nevoja p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb punim erdhi nga fakti se n\u00eb internet mungojn\u00eb shkrime t\u00eb tilla n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe ose gjenden copa-copa. Sigurisht q\u00eb libra t\u00eb botuar n\u00eb shqip me k\u00ebt\u00eb objekt ekzistojn\u00eb, qoft\u00eb nga studiues shqiptar\u00eb qoft\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyer nga gjuh\u00ebt e tjera. Po ashtu, eseist\u00ebt e shk\u00eblqyer nuk i mungojn\u00eb qoft\u00eb historis\u00eb qoft\u00eb aktualitetit t\u00eb letrave shqipe. Megjithat\u00eb, ky shkrim \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr ata t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk e kan\u00eb koh\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019i lexuar dhe kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb recet\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb gatimi. Artikulli \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak se nj\u00eb doracak. M\u00eb shum\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fletushk\u00eb e cila p\u00ebrmbledh bazat kryesore t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj teknike shkrimi dhe mund ta shtyj\u00eb lexuesin p\u00ebr t\u2019u thelluar m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb hulumtimin e saj. Nevoja p\u00ebr shkrimin e eseve b\u00ebhet edhe m\u00eb urgjente kur kujtojm\u00eb dob\u00ebsimin d\u00ebshp\u00ebrues t\u00eb universiteteve dhe shkollave t\u00eb mesme n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi n\u00eb trevat shqiptare dhe programet e pamb\u00ebshtetura p\u00ebr diaspor\u00ebn. M\u00eb specifikisht, shkrimit akademik si l\u00ebnd\u00eb n\u00eb gjimnaze dhe n\u00eb fakultete nuk i \u00ebsht\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e duhur. Edhe n\u00eb shtypin e shkruar niveli i artikujve gazetaresk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebn nivelin e eses\u00eb. Vdekja e Maratit, piktur\u00eb e Jacques-Luis David (1793) Eseja \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb pjes\u00eb integrale e kurrikulave si n\u00eb arsimin parauniversitar ashtu edhe n\u00eb at\u00eb universitar. Konsiderohet nd\u00ebr dijet baz\u00eb q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb dij\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsi dhe studenti n\u00eb lidhje me aft\u00ebsit\u00eb shkruese dhe reflektuese. Kjo form\u00eb shkrimi na jep mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb parashtrojm\u00eb nj\u00eb problematik\u00eb, t\u00eb mbajm\u00eb q\u00ebndrim kritik mbi t\u00eb dhe t\u00eb mundemi ta mbrojm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebndrim p\u00ebrmes argumenteve. Funksioni i saj \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb temave dhe objekteve q\u00eb parashtron dhe q\u00eb n\u00eb dukje t\u00eb par\u00eb mund t\u00eb shfaqen jo problematik\u00eb, t\u2019ua\u00a0 problematizoj\u00eb dukjen e paqt\u00eb, indiferente apo konsensuale duke i vendosur n\u00ebn sit\u00ebn e mendimit kritik. Shkrimi i eses\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb mekanik e p\u00ebrs\u00ebrit\u00ebs, por krijues e kritik. Vet\u00eb autorit kjo form\u00eb i jep\u00a0 mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb eksploroj\u00eb mendimet, marazet dhe hamendjet e tij mbi nj\u00eb tem\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ai k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb i qart\u00eb dhe m\u00eb i artikuluar p\u00ebrball\u00eb nj\u00eb Tjetri. Eseja nuk mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb gati n\u00eb kok\u00ebn ton\u00eb ende pa u shkruar. Shkrimi i saj \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb aventur\u00eb e mendimit mbi nj\u00eb tem\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e t\u00eb menduarit n\u00eb vetvete. Ne mund t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb tez\u00eb, nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim dhe disa argumenta para se t\u00eb ulemi me shkrujt, mir\u00ebpo eseja na ndihmon t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se p\u00ebrse ne e kemi k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebndrim dhe se sa q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb argumentat ton\u00eb, na ndihmon me strukturu mendimin dhe q\u00ebndrimin ton\u00eb. P\u00ebrndryshe, mendimet i kemi t\u00eb \u00e7ak\u00ebrdisura. N\u00ebse e marrim t\u00eb mir\u00ebqen\u00eb poetin Paul Valery tek thot\u00eb se \u2018gjuha \u00ebsht\u00eb Zoti i \u00e7ak\u00ebrdisur n\u00eb mish\u2019, at\u00ebher\u00eb eseja \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga m\u00ebnyrat p\u00ebr ta kurdisur apo akorduar k\u00ebt\u00eb Zot jasht\u00eb mishit n\u00eb let\u00ebr.Kjo teknik\u00eb letrare na trajnon sesi t\u00eb m\u00ebsojm\u00eb vet\u00eb, sesi ta shtjellojm\u00eb mendimin ton\u00eb. Fjala \u2018ese\u2019 vjen nga frengjishtja dhe n\u00ebnkupton \u2018t\u00eb provosh\u2019, \u2018t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqesh\u2019. P\u00ebr Montenjin n\u00eb shek XVI, i pari i cili i qasej shkrimeve t\u00eb veta me k\u00ebt\u00eb term, q\u00ebllimi i saj ishte \u2018p\u00ebrpjekja\u2019 e sinqert\u00eb me ftillu mendimet n\u00eb shkrim mbi nj\u00eb shqet\u00ebsim apo habi ton\u00ebn. Kjo form\u00eb i jep mund\u00ebsin\u00eb autorit t\u00eb qart\u00ebsoj\u00eb raportin me idet\u00eb e tij. Eseja p\u00ebrmbyllet si nj\u00eb qark i shkurt\u00ebr rreth tem\u00ebs s\u00eb saj pa pretenduar shterimin e k\u00ebsaj teme. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sprovim i ideve tona, nj\u00eb tentativ\u00eb p\u00ebr ta par\u00eb n\u00ebse nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim a mendim q\u00eb kemi funksionon, n\u00ebse q\u00ebndron n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00ebt e veta. Shkrimi i eses\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkruar ide, por edhe p\u00ebr t\u2019i zbuluar ato p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij procesi; nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar se \u00e7far\u00eb d\u00ebshiron, \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb intrigon apo shqet\u00ebson dhe se p\u00ebrse ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi kjo p\u00ebr ty. Shkrimi mund t\u00eb ting\u00eblloj\u00eb formal p\u00ebr nga tema, struktura dhe tonaliteti, ose informal p\u00ebr nga trajtesa personale dhe intime e ndjeshm\u00ebrive dhe mendimeve t\u00eb autorit. Mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr kritik\u00eb letrare, pra kritik\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb teksti q\u00eb kemi lexuar, p\u00ebr zhvillimin e nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrimi politik, p\u00ebr shpalosjen e nj\u00eb polemike me nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr eseist, p\u00ebr p\u00ebrshkrimin e nj\u00eb fenomeni dhe p\u00ebr reflektimin e autorit mbi nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje. P\u00ebr shkrimtarin amerikan Aldos Huxley nj\u00eb ese e mir\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn personale t\u00eb autorit, fakte mbi tem\u00ebn dhe nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim abstrakt universal.1P\u00ebr dallim nga punimet shkencore dhe prozat letrare, eseja \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb e \u00e7lir\u00ebt e t\u00eb argumentuarit t\u00eb mendimeve dhe tipet e saj jan\u00eb t\u00eb shum\u00ebllojsh\u00ebm. Disa nga llojet m\u00eb t\u00eb njohura dhe nd\u00ebr kategorizimet m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb eses\u00eb jan\u00eb: Eseja p\u00ebrshkruese &#8211; merret me p\u00ebrshkrimin e nj\u00eb subjekti, objekti, teme a problematike dhe me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e k\u00ebtij p\u00ebrshkrimi. P\u00ebr ese t\u00eb tilla objekti i marr\u00eb n\u00ebn shqyrtim \u00ebsht\u00eb i qart\u00eb dhe i duksh\u00ebm. Ky tip shkrimi e ndan tem\u00ebn deri n\u00eb detaje p\u00ebr t\u2019i ofruar lexuesit nj\u00eb panoram\u00eb vizuale t\u00eb saj. Eseja shpjeguese \u2013 shpjegon p\u00ebrkufizimin, historin\u00eb dhe gjendjen e nj\u00eb subjekti apo teme. Shpjegimi tenton t\u2019i p\u00ebrgjigjet Pse-s\u00eb dhe Si-s\u00eb s\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb problematik\u00ebs n\u00ebn shqyrtim. Shpjegimi mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet p\u00ebmes analizave, krahasimeve, kontrasteve, lidhjeve shkak-pasoj\u00eb, etj. Eseja bind\u00ebse &#8211; p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga shtrimi i linj\u00ebs argumentuese t\u00eb autorit mbi nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim t\u00eb caktuar q\u00eb do t\u00eb mbroj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb bindur lexuesin mbi q\u00ebndrimin e tij. Mundet t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet e gjitha nga shtrimi i nj\u00eb radhe argumentash mbi tem\u00ebn, ose mundet t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga parashtrimi i nj\u00eb argumenti qendror pasuar nga nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrargumenti thelb\u00ebsor dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbyllet me nj\u00eb linj\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimtare argumentimi ku rimbrohet teza fillestare me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje bind\u00ebse ndaj kund\u00ebrargumentit. Eseja<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4714,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","ocean_post_layout":"right-sidebar","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"ocs-kryenyje-category-post-sidebar","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"on","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kryenyje","entry","has-media"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2250","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2250"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2250\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24899,"href":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2250\/revisions\/24899"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4714"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nyje.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}